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Article type: Systematic review

Systematic Review Support Built on PRISMA 2020

Plan, run and report your systematic review transparently, from protocol and search strings to screening records, risk of bias and a complete PRISMA 2020 checklist.

  • Medicine and public health
  • Nursing
  • Pharmacy
  • Physiotherapy
  • Psychology
Since 2020Gwalior, M.P.
MSMEUdyam registered
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Manuscript Support by Article Type

Systematic Review Support from Shodhyantri

Systematic review support at Shodhyantri guides scholars through a method that reviewers check line by line. A systematic review must show exactly how studies were found, screened, appraised and synthesised, so another researcher could repeat it. Most rejections come from gaps in that record: a search string that cannot be reproduced, unclear eligibility criteria, a flow diagram whose numbers do not add up, or no risk of bias assessment.

We work with you at each stage while you make the scientific decisions. We help frame the question with PICO or a suitable alternative, draft a protocol for registration, build database-specific search strings, organise screening in tools such as Rayyan, set up data extraction forms and prepare the PRISMA 2020 flow diagram and checklist. Where pooling is appropriate, our meta-analysis support can follow. Where it is not, we help you report a structured narrative synthesis.

What PRISMA 2020 systematic review reporting requires

PRISMA 2020 is the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. It replaced the 2009 version and includes a 27-item checklist, an abstract checklist and revised flow diagram templates for new and updated reviews, including records found through registers, websites and citation searching. Many journals require the completed checklist at submission.

A systematic review normally starts with a registered protocol, often on PROSPERO for health-related reviews or on the Open Science Framework for other fields. It then follows a comprehensive search, duplicate screening by at least two reviewers, structured data extraction, quality or risk of bias appraisal using a recognised tool, and a synthesis that matches the evidence, whether statistical or narrative.

1PRISMA 2020 has a 27-item main reporting checklist
2Flow diagram records identification, screening and inclusion counts
3Protocol registration before screening strengthens credibility
4Full search strings for every database belong in supplements
5Two independent reviewers should screen and extract data
6Risk of bias tools depend on included study designs
Why scholars choose us

Why choose Shodhyantri for systematic review support

01

Reproducible searches

We help build Boolean strings with controlled vocabulary such as MeSH, adapted correctly for PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and other databases.

02

Protocol first

We help draft a protocol covering question, criteria, outcomes and synthesis plan so you can register it before screening begins.

03

Clean screening records

We set up deduplication and screening workflows so every exclusion has a reason and the flow diagram numbers reconcile.

04

Correct appraisal tools

We help you pick suitable tools, such as RoB 2, ROBINS-I, Newcastle-Ottawa or JBI checklists, for the designs you include.

05

Complete checklist

We map every PRISMA 2020 item to a page and section of your manuscript, which reviewers and editors check directly.

06

Honest synthesis choice

If studies are too different to pool, we help you write a structured narrative synthesis instead of forcing a meta-analysis.

Scope of support

What our systematic review support covers

  • Review question framing with PICO, PEO or SPIDER
  • Protocol drafting for PROSPERO or OSF registration
  • Eligibility criteria written as testable rules
  • Database selection suited to your discipline
  • Search string development and translation across databases
  • Deduplication and screening setup in Rayyan or similar
  • Data extraction form design and piloting
  • Risk of bias tool selection and summary tables
  • Narrative synthesis structure where pooling is unsuitable
  • PRISMA 2020 flow diagram preparation
  • PRISMA checklist mapped to manuscript sections
  • Supplementary files for searches and excluded studies
How it works

Our step-by-step workflow

Ten stages, each with a clear output. Nothing moves to the next stage until you have reviewed the last one.

01
Question framingWe refine your question and confirm no recent review already answers it the same way.
03
Search buildingWe build and test search strings, recording each database, date and number of hits.
05
Title screeningYou and a second reviewer screen titles and abstracts against criteria, resolving conflicts by discussion.
07
Data extractionA piloted form captures study characteristics, outcomes and results consistently for each included study.
09
Synthesis writingFindings are grouped and reported, with certainty of evidence discussed where the field expects it.
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02
Protocol draftingYou receive a protocol template covering criteria, outcomes, tools and synthesis plan for registration.
04
Duplicate removalRecords are exported to a reference manager or Rayyan and duplicates removed with counts logged.
06
Full-text screeningRemaining articles are read in full, and every exclusion receives a recorded reason.
08
Bias appraisalEach study is assessed with the chosen tool and judgements are tabulated or plotted.
10
PRISMA reportingWe finalise the flow diagram, checklist and supplements, then edit the full manuscript.
01
Question framingWe refine your question and confirm no recent review already answers it the same way.
02
Protocol draftingYou receive a protocol template covering criteria, outcomes, tools and synthesis plan for registration.
03
Search buildingWe build and test search strings, recording each database, date and number of hits.
04
Duplicate removalRecords are exported to a reference manager or Rayyan and duplicates removed with counts logged.
05
Title screeningYou and a second reviewer screen titles and abstracts against criteria, resolving conflicts by discussion.
06
Full-text screeningRemaining articles are read in full, and every exclusion receives a recorded reason.
07
Data extractionA piloted form captures study characteristics, outcomes and results consistently for each included study.
08
Bias appraisalEach study is assessed with the chosen tool and judgements are tabulated or plotted.
09
Synthesis writingFindings are grouped and reported, with certainty of evidence discussed where the field expects it.
10
PRISMA reportingWe finalise the flow diagram, checklist and supplements, then edit the full manuscript.

— You review every stage first, then decide —

Quality checkpoints

Six checks your work passes through

Stage 1Protocol registered

The question, criteria and planned methods are fixed and time-stamped before screening of studies begins.

Stage 2Search reproducible

Every database string, date and filter is recorded so another team could run the same search.

Stage 3Screening reconciled

Counts at each stage add up, and reasons for full-text exclusions are listed in a supplementary table.

Stage 4Bias judged

Every included study has a documented risk of bias rating using a tool suited to its design.

Stage 5Synthesis justified

The chosen synthesis method fits the data, and any deviation from the protocol is reported openly.

Stage 6Checklist complete

All PRISMA 2020 items are addressed with page numbers, and the abstract follows the abstract checklist.

Deliverables

What you receive, and what we need from you

What you will receive

  • Protocol document ready for registration
  • Database-wise search strings with run dates
  • Screening log with exclusion reasons
  • Piloted data extraction spreadsheet
  • Risk of bias tables or traffic-light plot
  • PRISMA 2020 flow diagram in editable format
  • Completed PRISMA 2020 checklist with page references
  • Edited manuscript with tracked and clean versions

What we need to start

  • Your review topic and draft research question
  • Access to databases through your institution, if available
  • Any protocol or registration you have already created
  • Names of second reviewers for screening
  • Target journal or discipline for reporting norms
  • Exported search results if you have already searched
Review before you approve.

Every stage is shared with notes explaining what was changed and why. You and your supervisor check it, and the next stage starts only after your go-ahead.

Avoid these

Common mistakes and how we handle them

Common problemHow Shodhyantri helps
Searching only Google Scholar and calling the review systematic.Search several bibliographic databases relevant to your field and report Google Scholar, if used, as a supplementary source.
Registering the protocol after screening is already finished.Register before screening starts, and if late registration happened, state the date honestly in the methods section.
Flow diagram numbers that do not add up between stages.Keep a running log of records at each step and reconcile totals before drawing the PRISMA diagram.
Using a single reviewer for all screening and extraction decisions.Involve a second reviewer for at least a sample, report agreement and explain how disagreements were resolved.
Skipping risk of bias assessment or using an unsuitable tool.Choose a tool designed for your included study designs and report judgements for every domain and study.
Reporting the full search string for only one database.Provide the complete, exact string for every database in a supplementary file, including limits and dates.
Expert tips

Practical tips for systematic review support

Tip 01

Check for existing reviews

Search PROSPERO, Cochrane and major databases first. A recent review on the same question can make yours redundant.

Tip 02

Test your search sensitivity

List a few known relevant studies and confirm your string retrieves them. If not, revise terms before running searches.

Tip 03

Pilot the extraction form

Try the form on three studies with your co-reviewer. Ambiguous fields show up quickly and save rework later.

Tip 04

Record everything with dates

Keep a dated log of searches, decisions and protocol changes. Reviewers often ask for these details during revision.

Tip 05

Use the right flow template

PRISMA 2020 has separate diagrams for new reviews and updates, and for reviews that also search registers or websites.

Tip 06

Consider GRADE for certainty

Health journals often expect a certainty of evidence rating. Plan for it at protocol stage rather than adding it later.

Tip 07

Mind the date of search

If your last search is old by submission, rerun it. Editors prefer reviews that reflect the current literature.

Tip 08

Follow relevant extensions

Scoping reviews use PRISMA-ScR and other extensions exist. Pick the reporting guideline that matches your review type.

Your team

One project, a matched team

Your work is handled by people who read your field's literature, not by a single generalist.

Domain Expert

A PhD-qualified specialist from your field who checks the research logic, gap and contribution.

Research Analyst

Handles statistics, models and qualitative coding, and documents every analytical decision.

Academic Editor

Improves structure, flow, clarity and academic tone without changing your meaning.

Simulation & Code Engineer

Builds and validates MATLAB, Python, ANSYS or COMSOL work where your study needs it.

Proofreader

Checks grammar, consistency, numbering, citations and the small errors examiners notice.

Formatting Specialist

Applies your university or journal template, reference style and front matter exactly.

Who it is for

Who this support is for

PhD scholars publishing a systematic review from their thesis
Medical, nursing and pharmacy researchers following PRISMA
Management and education scholars adopting systematic methods
Faculty registering protocols on PROSPERO or OSF
Postgraduate students with a systematic review dissertation
Teams needing a neutral second check on reporting
Fields & tools

Areas we support

  • Medicine and public health
  • Nursing
  • Pharmacy
  • Physiotherapy
  • Psychology
  • Education
  • Management
  • Environmental science
  • Computer science
  • Agriculture and food science
Not sure it fits? Send a short description on WhatsApp. If your work is outside our depth, we will tell you at the first consultation.
Questions

Frequently asked questions

What is PRISMA 2020 and is it mandatory?

PRISMA 2020 is a reporting guideline for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. It sets out what to report, not how to conduct the review. Many journals require a completed checklist and flow diagram at submission, and even where it is not mandatory, reviewers often expect it.

Do I need to register my protocol on PROSPERO?

PROSPERO accepts health-related reviews with a health outcome. Many health journals expect registration. Reviews in other fields can register on the Open Science Framework or publish a protocol. Registration before screening shows that your methods were set in advance, which reviewers value.

Will you screen studies for me?

Screening decisions are part of your scholarly judgement, so you and your co-reviewer make them. We set up the workflow, draft criteria that are easy to apply, help resolve unclear cases by explaining the criteria and check that the records and counts are consistent.

What if the studies cannot be combined statistically?

That is common. When designs, populations or outcomes differ too much, a meta-analysis may mislead. We help you write a structured narrative synthesis, grouping studies sensibly and following guidance such as SWiM, the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis reporting items, where relevant.

Can you promise my systematic review will be published?

No. Journals decide through peer review, and reviewers may question your question, search or conclusions. We help make the methods transparent and the reporting complete, which removes many common reasons for rejection, but the decision always rests with the journal.

Which databases should I search?

It depends on the field. Health reviews commonly use PubMed or MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL, while broader reviews often use Scopus and Web of Science. Education, psychology and engineering have their own databases. We suggest a set based on your topic and what your institution can access.

How is this different from your meta-analysis support?

This page covers the review method and PRISMA reporting: protocol, searching, screening, appraisal and synthesis. Meta-analysis support focuses on the statistics after studies are chosen: effect sizes, pooling models, heterogeneity, forest and funnel plots and sensitivity analyses. Many projects use both.

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We provide research guidance, statistical analysis, editing, formatting and training support. All research content remains the scholar's own work, in line with UGC and university academic integrity norms. We do not guarantee publication, acceptance, indexing or academic outcomes: journals decide through peer review and universities award degrees.

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